The United States and Canada entered into the Softwood Lumber Agreement ("SLA") in October 2006. This agreement ended years of litigation and international disputes over Canadian subsidies and other unfair trade practices affecting Canadian exports of softwood lumber to the United States. Unfortunately, problems with Canadian compliance arose almost immediately after the SLA entered into force. Some of these problems have resulted in arbitration as contemplated by the SLA. Others remain the subject of continued discussions between the U.S. and Canadian governments.

See a summary of Canada's Violations.